To loosen it, turn the nut toward the intake. You may need some penetrating oil to get things started. I would use an adjustable wrench (a medium to large sized one). It probably won't want to turn, so use a rubber mallet and strike the handle in the direction you need to go in in order to start it. Once it starts, it will be a tedious process, but it will eventually come loose. In order to get the wrench where you need it, you have to take off the crankcase ventilation hose (which wound up breaking on me, so I had to replace it).